Conjugate Heat Transfer Analysis of a Cooled Turbine Vane Using the V2F Turbulence Model

The conjugate heat transfer methodology has been employed to predict the flow and thermal properties including the metal temperature of a NASA turbine vane at three operating conditions. The turbine vane was cooled internally by air flowing through ten round pipes. The conjugate heat transfer methodology allows a simultaneous solution of aerodynamics and heat transfer in the external hot gas and the internal cooling passages and conduction within the solid metal, eliminating the need for multiple/decoupled solutions in a typical industry design process. The model of about 3 million computational meshes includes the gas path and the internal cooling channels, comprising hexa cells, and the solid metal comprising hexa and prism cells. The predicted aerodynamic loadings were found to be in close agreement with the data for all the cases. The predicted metal temperature, external, and internal heat transfer distributions at the midspan compared well with the measurement. The differences in the heat transfer rates and metal temperature under different running conditions were also captured well. The V2F turbulence model has been compared with a low-Reynolds-number $k-ε$ model and a nonlinear quadratic $k-ε$ model. The V2F model is found to provide the closest agreement with the data, though it still has room for improvement in predicting the boundary layer transition and turbulent heat transfer, especially on the suction side. The overall results are quite encouraging and indicate that conjugate heat transfer simulation with proper turbulence closure has the potential to become a viable tool in turbine heat transfer analysis and cooling design.