Abstract

This paper presents the performance of dynamic light scattering (DLS) and differential mobility analyzer (DMA) instruments in measuring nanoparticle size data using a gauge repeatability and reproducibility (GR&R) study based on the mixed model. The adequacy of the measurement process was evaluated using a measure of %GR&R with its confidence interval. The results show that the performance of the DMA instrument is superior to that of the DLS with regard to all variance components of a GR&R study. However, both instruments performed poorly in terms of %GR&R. Therefore, the part and measurement system require further improvement. Using these empirical study applications, this research promotes and maintains measurement quality through procedure analysis.

References

1.
Montgomery
,
D. C.
and
Runger
,
G. C.
, “
Gauge Capability and Designed Experiments, Part I: Basic Methods
,”
Qual. Eng.
, Vol.
6
,
1993
, pp.
115
135
.
2.
Montgomery
,
D. C.
and
Runger
,
G. C.
, “
Gauge Capability Analysis and Designed Experiments, Part II: Experimental Design Models and Variance Component Estimation
,”
Qual. Eng.
, Vol.
6
,
1993
, pp.
289
305
.
3.
Burdick
,
R. K.
and
Larsen
,
G. A.
, “
Confidence Intervals on Measures of Variability in R&R Studies
,”
J. Quality Technol.
, Vol.
29
,
1997
, pp.
261
273
.
4.
Dolezal
,
K. K.
,
Burdick
,
R. K.
, and
Birch
,
N. J.
, “
Analysis of a Two-factor R&R Study with Fixed Operators
,”
J. Quality Technol.
, Vol.
30
,
1998
, pp.
163
170
.
5.
Hamada
M.
, and
Weerahandi
,
S.
, “
Measurement System Assessment via Generalized Inference
,”
J. Quality Technol.
, Vol.
32
,
2000
, pp.
241
253
.
6.
Chiang
,
A. K. L.
, “
A Simple General Method for Constructing Confidence Intervals for Functions of Variance Components
,”
Technometrics
, Vol.
43
,
2001
, pp.
356
367
.
7.
Burdick
,
R. K.
,
Allen
,
A. E.
, and
Larsen
,
G. A.
, “
Comparing Variability of Two Measurement Processes Using R&R Studies
,”
J. Quality Technol.
, Vol.
34
,
2002
, pp.
97
105
.
8.
Burdick
,
R. K.
,
Borror
,
C. M.
, and
Montgomery
,
D. C.
, “
A Review of Methods for Measurement Systems Capability Analysis
,”
J. Quality Technol.
, Vol.
35
,
2003
, pp.
342
354
.
9.
Daniels
,
L.
,
Burdick
,
R. K.
, and
Quiroz
, “
Confidence Intervals in a Gauge R&R Study with Fixed Operators
,”
J. Quality Technol.
, Vol.
37
,
2005
, pp.
179
185
.
10.
Gong
,
L.
,
Burdick
,
R. K.
, and
Quiroz
, “
Confidence Intervals for Unbalanced Two-factor Gauge R&R Studies
,”
Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int.
, Vol.
21
,
2005
, pp.
737
741
.
11.
Burdick
,
R. K.
,
Park
,
Y. J.
,
Montgomery
,
D. C.
, and
Borror
,
C. M.
, “
Misclassification Rates in Gauge R&R Studies
,”
J. Quality Technol.
, Vol.
37
,
2005
, pp.
294
303
.
12.
Burdick
,
R. K.
,
Borror
,
C. M.
, and
Montgomery
,
D. C.
,
Design and Analysis of Gauge R&R Studies: Making Decisions with Confidence Intervals in Random and Mixed ANOVA Models
,
ASA/SIAM
,
Philadelphia
,
2005
.
13.
de Mast
J.
, and
van Wieringen
,
W. N.
, “
Modeling and Evaluating Repeatability and Reproducibility of Ordinal Classifications
,”
Technometrics
, Vol.
52
,
2010
, pp.
94
106
.
14.
Larrosa
,
A.
,
Lozano
,
L. J.
,
Katuri
,
K. P.
,
Head
,
I.
,
Scott
,
K.
, and
Godinez
,
C.
, “
On the Repeatability and Reproducibility of Experimental Two-chambered Microbial Fuel Cells
,”
Fuel
, Vol.
88
,
2009
, pp.
1852
1857
.
15.
Osma
,
A.
, “
An Assessment of the Robustness of Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility Analysis in Automotive Components
,”
Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part D (J. Automob. Eng.)
, Vol.
225
,
2011
, pp.
895
912
.
16.
Wang
,
C. Y.
,
Pan
,
S. P.
,
Peng
,
G. S.
, and
Tasi
,
J. H.
, “
A Comparison Study on the Measurement of Nanoparticles
,”
Proc. SPIE
, Vol.
5879
,
2005
, pp.
323
328
.
17.
Wang
,
C. Y.
,
Fu
,
W. E.
,
Lin
,
H. L.
, and
Peng
,
G. S.
, “
Preliminary Study on Nanoparticle Sizes under the APEC Technology Cooperative Framework
,”
Meas. Sci. Technol.
, Vol.
18
,
2007
, pp.
487
495
.
18.
Awad
,
M.
,
Erdmann
,
T. P.
,
Shaushal
,
Y.
, and
Barth
,
B.
, “
A Measurement System Analysis Approach for Hard-to-Repeat Events
,”
Qual. Eng.
, Vol.
21
,
2009
, pp.
300
305
.
19.
Chen
,
C. J.
,
Chen
,
Y. L.
, and
Chang
,
L. C.
, “
Pitch Measurement by Traceable Atomic Force Microscope
,”
Int. J. Nanosci.
, Vol.
2
,
2003
, pp.
335
341
.
20.
Kao
,
C. C.
and
Shih
,
A. J.
, “
Form Measurements of Micro-holes
,”
Meas. Sci. Technol.
, Vol.
18
,
2007
, pp.
3603
3611
.
21.
Hunag
,
Z. H.
,
Ni
,
J.
, and
Shih
,
A. J.
, “
Quantitative Evaluation of Powder Spray Effects on Stereovision Measurements
,”
Meas. Sci. Technol.
, Vol.
19
,
2008
, pp.
1
11
.
22.
Lu
,
J. C.
,
Jeng
,
S. L.
, and
Wang
,
K.
, “
A Review of Statistical Methods for Quality Improvement and Control in Nanotechnology
,”
J. Quality Technol.
, Vol.
42
,
2009
, pp.
148
164
.
23.
Montgomery
,
D. C.
,
Design and Analysis of Experiments
,
John Wiley & Sons
,
New York
,
2005
.
24.
Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG)
,
Measurement Systems Analysis: Reference Manual
,
AIAG
,
Southfield, MI
,
2002
.
25.
Al-Refaie
A.
, and
Bata
,
N.
, “
Evaluating Measurement and Process Capabilities by GR&R with Four Quality Measures
,”
Measurement
, Vol.
43
,
2010
, pp.
842
851
.
26.
White
,
T. K.
and
Borror
,
C. M.
, “
Two-dimensional Guidelines for Measurement System Indices
,”
Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int.
, Vol.
27
,
2011
, pp.
479
487
.
This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.