... failure, the lined equipment will lead to failure without any warning and results in major leakages, fire explosion, fatal accidents, and economic losses [ 4 ]. creep voids carbon steel crack front high temperature fracture pressure vessel process piping 17 09 2018 14 05 2019...

... fracture criteria of locally thinned pipes since the tragic events at Surry Unit 2 and Mihama Unit 3. A large number of tests have been performed on carbon steel pipes, elbows, and tees with local wall thinning. In addition, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code...

... the ultimate dynamic strength of low carbon steel is developed. Based on the agreement between the results of the finite element analyses and those of the empirical formula, it can be concluded that a properly modeled finite element analysis (FEA) can be employed with sufficient accuracy to study the short...

... , “ Relationship Between Microstructure and Hydrogen Susceptibility of Some Low Carbon Steels ,” Hydrogen Effects in Metals , I. M. Bernstein and A. W. Thompson , eds., The Metallurgical Society of American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) , New York, NY , pp...

..., brittle fracture experiments were performed on carbon steel plates with two nonaligned flaws. From these calculations and experiments, authors studied the effect of stress intensity factor interaction on fracture behavior and proposed a new alignment rule for linear elastic fracture mechanics evaluation...

... in an international voluntary standards development atmosphere of open discussion. alloy steel carbon steel environmental factors fatigue cracks standards 28 04 2006 15 09 2008 27 01 2009 Figures 5 6 7 8 9 show a compilation of available...

... for predicting the maximum permanent transverse displacements of square plates prior to any cracking or perforation. 30 10 2006 13 04 2007 20 06 2008 carbon steel cracks impact (mechanical) plates (structures) projectiles impact perforation rectangular plates mild steel...

... . 30 10 2006 13 04 2007 20 06 2008 carbon steel cracks ductility impact (mechanical) plates (structures) projectiles impact perforation scaling circular plates square plates blunt conical hemispherical mild steel Some experimental details, the requirements...

.... Hibbitt, Karlsson and Sorenson Inc. , 2004 , “ ABAQUS Standard Users Manual ,” Version 6.4 , Providence, Rhode Island, Pawtucket, RI. Ando , K. , Takahashi , K. , Hisatsune , M. , and Hasegawa , K. , “ Failure Behaviour of Carbon Steel Pipe Having Local Wall Thinning Hear Tee Joint...

... are exposed to gasses at temperatures approaching 3000 ° F . Because sulfur compounds are present in the process gas, the carbon steel tube sheet and tubes in the assembly will be deteriorated by sulfidation as the operating metal temperature rises above 600 ° F . Ferrule systems are used to protect...

... 0.3 0.4 1 ∕ 4 * N f 3 83 0.03 0.6 0.4 1 ∕ 4 * N f 1 0 — 237 0.52 18 01 2006 01 06 2006 fatigue fission reactor materials austenitic stainless steel alloy steel carbon steel fission reactor safety In the last...

... carbon steel specimens exposed to repeated thermal shock. The test-rigs achieve large thermal shocks through the repeated water quenching of heated flat plate specimens. The effect of steady state loads on the growth and environmental effects due to the aqueous nature of the testing environment are found...

...Xu Chen; Bingjun Gao; Gang Chen With a multi-axial test machine, ratcheting was studied experimentally for pressurized low carbon steel elbows under reversed bending. The maximum ratcheting strain occurred mainly in the hoop direction at flanks. Hoop ratcheting strain was found at intrados...

...Rudolph J. Scavuzzo, Jr. The basic objective of this investigation is to determine the effect of loading on the stress intensification factors of Markl’s fatigue evaluation method for metal piping. Markl’s method is based on the fatigue testing of 4 in. schedule 40 carbon steel cantilever piping...

... validated for reliability of the results. Severe stress distributions and strain accumulations can be reduced through controlling outer geometric parameters. Materials having diverse mechanical properties such as carbon steel, Ti-Al-V alloy, near-eutectic Sn63-Pb37 solder alloy, and Nylon 66 are used...

... Steels in LWR Water Environments,” Effects of the Environment on the Initiation of Crack Growth , ASTM STP 1298, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 232–244. Higuchi, M., Iida, K., and Asada, Y., 1997, “Effects of Strain Rate Change on Fatigue Life of Carbon Steel...

.... carbon steel alloy steel failure (mechanical) microcracks tensile strength inclusions pressure vessels hardening tempering Inclusion Flow Forming Microstructure Micro Cracks Pressure Vessel High strength thin wall tubes used for aerospace and armament applications have to meet...

...P.-S. Lam; Y. J. Chao; X.-K. Zhu; Y. Kim; R. L. Sindelar Mechanical testing of A285 carbon steel, a storage tank material, was performed to develop fracture properties based on the constraint theory of fracture mechanics. A series of single edge-notched bend (SENB) specimen designs with various...

... difference in the local environmental conditions. The effect of the water flow rate on the fatigue life of a carbon steel was thus investigated experimentally. Fatigue testing of the carbon steel was performed at 289°C for various dissolved oxygen contents (DO) of less than 0.01 and 0.05, 0.2, and 1 ppm...

...Poh-Sang Lam; Robert L. Sindelar The J -integral fracture methodology was applied to evaluate the stability of postulated flaws in mild steel storage tanks. The material properties and the J -resistance J R curve were obtained from the archival A285 Grade B carbon steel test data. The J -integral...