... with and without adjustment for exposure effects 20 01 2009 26 06 2009 17 06 2010 17 06 2010 data analysis design engineering ice offshore installations sea ice structural engineering probabilistic methods ice load estimation ship-ice interaction offshore structures...

... method based on the maximum pressure of a given event; other local peaks in the data are not included. To study how this may affect local ice pressure estimates, a new probabilistic method based on the up-crossing rate was developed. Field data from 1982 Polar Sea arctic trials in the Beaufort Sea...

.... A probabilistic approach, properly conceived and implemented, leads to designs that are implicitly safe. Furthermore, they can yield cost effective designs without compromising safety. Dealing with uncertainty is an inherent component of all engineering fields. Probabilistic methods have two main advantages over...