... conditions. The typical buckling test employed for testing distal tip stiffness of pacemaker and defibrillator leads does not incorporate a transverse constraint. In vivo, such a constraint is present in the RV from the heart wall throughout the cardiac cycle, but is most restrictive during systole...

...Chris Rolfes; Paul Iaizzo 14 06 2011 14 06 2011 cardiology catheters defibrillators drug delivery systems surgery A longstanding controversy in the field of cardiac surgery is whether or not to repair the pericardium on completion of open heart surgery. The device...

... an expandable wick to maintain the infused drug in a desired location. Designs may also include epicardial defibrillation capabilities, which would lower the energy required for defibrillation. To demonstrate proof of principle, cadaver and animal investigations were performed. In a fresh cadaver, a sternotomy...