... 2011 hardening heat transfer internal stresses magnetic forces mass transfer numerical analysis segregation spot welding transport processes resistance spot welding induced magnetic field electromagnetic stirring fluid flow heat transfer Resistance spot welding (RSW...

... and the subsequent mass transfer of decomposed elements into the chip region. Chemical equilibrium is invoked for the distribution of tool species at the tool-chip interface. Under a linear-diffusion hypothesis, one would expect an exponentially decaying concentration profile of tool species in the chip. However...

... process. The model is based on a system of lumped energy and mass balances, and convolution expressions of distributed temperature and concentration Green’s fields (accounting for the orientation of their gradient and decomposing heat and mass transfer across the coating from substrate conduction...

... Division for publication in the JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING . Manuscript received February 1999; revised March 2000. Associate Editor: R. Furness. 01 February 1999 01 March 2000 welding manufacturing processes metals mass transfer sensors laser beam...

... for publication in the JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING . Manuscript received March 1999; revised March 2000. Associate Editor: J. Lee. 01 March 1999 01 March 2000 arc welding drops mass transfer heat transfer In a gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process with argon...