... and the measured value does not exceed 5%. Optimization results in the application show a 14.35% reduction in the maximum thinning ratio of the stamping part and an 8.9% reduction in the process energy. The Digital Twin-driven modeling assists in quality improvement and energy consumption reduction in sheet metal...

... reactions. The precursor utilizations, methane emissions, and nanowaste generations from the ALD process are all quantitatively studied. Energy flow analysis demonstrates that the ALD process energy consumption is mainly determined by the ALD cycle time rather than the process temperature. Scale-up...