... (low), 0.5/s (medium), and 1.25/s (high), ranging in the physiological loading rate of connective tissue, on the stress-relaxation response of the porcine dermis. Results show that in the initial phase of the relaxation, the value of stress relaxation (extent of relaxation) was found higher for high...

... that could preserve growth plate biomechanical properties. Porcine ulnar growth plate explants (n = 5 per condition) were stored at either 4 °C for periods of 1, 2, 3, and 6 days or frozen at −20 °C with slow or rapid sample thawing. Samples were tested using stress relaxation tests under unconfined...

.... , Sanctuary , C. , Shibata , T. , Shimada , A. , and Botsis , J. , 2007 , “ Stress-Relaxation and Microscopic Dynamics of Rabbit Periodontal Ligament ,” J. Biomech. , 40 , pp. 634 – 644 . 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.01.026 [22] Wise , G. E. , and King , G. J. , 2008...

... Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . [4] Atkinson , T. S. , Ewers , B. J. , and Haut , R. C. , 1999 , “ The Tensile and Stress Relaxation Responses of Human Patellar Tendon Varies With Specimen Cross-Sectional Area ,” J. Biomech. , 32 , pp. 907...

... 0.002 0.001 3 1600 0.9 480 Tibial cartilage 0.26 0.36 0.002 0.001 2 1000 2 1000 Meniscus 0.50 0.36 0.002 0.001 28 0 5 0 Ligament 1.0 0.30 N/A 10 14000 0 0 Three loading protocols were considered for the current study: (1) stress relaxation with a ramp...

... . 10.1007/BF02367471 9 Scapino , R. P. , Canham , P. B. , Finlay , H. M. , and Mills , D. K. , 1996 , “ The Behaviour of Collagen Fibres in Stress Relaxation and Stress Distribution in the Jaw-Joint Disc of Rabbits ,” Arch. Oral Biol. , 41 ( 11 ), pp. 1039 – 1052 . 10.1016...

... fibers were subjected to incremental stress relaxation tests to characterize the dependence of passive muscle stress on time, strain and strain rate. A model was then developed to describe fiber viscoelasticity incorporating the observed nonlinearities. The results of this model were compared with two...

... strains (20%). The constitutive material parameters were determined using a coupled finite element-optimization algorithm that utilized stress relaxation indentation tests at relatively high strains. The proposed model incorporates the strain-hardening, tension-compression, permeability, and finite...

...Benjamin S. Elkin; Ashok Ilankova; Barclay Morrison, III Stress relaxation tests using a custom designed microindentation device were performed on ten anatomic regions of fresh porcine brain (postmortem time <3 h). Using linear viscoelastic theory, a Prony series representation was used...

... is that the experimental protocols influence the mechanical properties of both annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus. IVD extracted from bovine tails were tested in unconfined compression stress-relaxation experiments according to six different protocols, where for each protocol, the initial swelling of the samples...

... in indentation, and ex vivo human cervical tissue in unconfined compression. Our results indicate that the identified rheological configurations provide good agreement with experimental data, including multiple constant strain rate load/unload tests and stress relaxation tests. Our experience suggests...

... bovine humeral heads were embedded in agarose gel and cultured in vitro for up to 4 weeks. The nFCD of the cartilage was determined using the MRI gadolinium exclusion method. The equilibrium modulus was determined using a compressive stress relaxation test, and the dynamic modulus was determined...

...Shruti Pai; William R. Ledoux Accurate quantification of soft tissue properties, specifically the stress relaxation behavior of viscoelastic tissues such as plantar tissue, requires precise testing under physiologically relevant loading. However, limitations of testing equipment often result...

... permeability in a single osteon. Data from an experimental stress-relaxation test in a single osteon are used to derive the PLC permeability by curve fitting to theoretical results from a compressible transverse isotropic poroelastic model of a porous annular disk under a ramp loading history ( 2007...

... model (BPVE) from confined compression-stress relaxation measurements to extract the strain dependent hydraulic permeability variation and cone-plate rheometer measurements to obtain the flow-independent viscoelastic constants for the solid-matrix phase. The model is then applied to simulate...

... show that temperature has great influence on the stress-relaxation behavior of skin tissue under both hyperthermal and hypothermic temperatures; the quantitative relationship that has been found between temperature and the viscoelastic parameter (the elastic fraction or fractional energy dissipation...

.... The present study investigates the regional variations in the elastic and equilibrium moduli of the condylar cartilage under high strains using unconfined compression and stress relaxation, with aims to facilitate future tissue engineering studies. Porcine condylar cartilages from five regions (anterior...

... of this work was to further characterize the biomechanical characteristics from stress relaxation and dynamic cyclical indentation testing of normal and damaged articular cartilage and to correlate the biotribological characteristic findings with the biomechanical data. Quasilinear viscoelastic (QLV) theory...

... between T E max and T E min , ε o = 2.9 – 3.4 % , is similar to the transition strain between the toe and heel regions ( ∼ 3 % ) . In our study the axial strains within the fiber at the end of the stress-relaxation phase ε l ( t r...

.... Biomechanically, this is the first study in the literature to quantify torsional stress relaxation, failure torque, and failure angle for the intact and repaired human scapholunate ligament. Surgically, reconstruction with bovine tendon may warrant further investigation as a method to potentially retain function...